snaps | irony ::
Wednesday, November 11th, 2009:: taken in Shanghai, China, just outside the Neocha studio. // AjS
:: taken in Shanghai, China, just outside the Neocha studio. // AjS
:: 本周的Friday 5 将再次关注中国的记者博客。在本篇中予以介绍的记者在互联网上都享有较高的知名度,其原因或是因为其在传统媒体的成就,或者是更偏重其在网上的努力。这些博客不同程度涉及他们所从事的新闻媒体工作,另外,他们向大量网上读者所传达的关于他们日常生活的点点滴滴也相当有趣。而这些记者也大多利用互联网这个更加开放(虽然依然被审查)的环境来发表那些不能被传统纸媒所接纳的文章。
文化娱乐 ::
三联生活周刊的文化娱乐记者孟静以其对娱乐圈名人的采访而在媒体圈名声颇著。她的博客与其媒体工作关系紧密,内容涉及媒体圈的各种规则(例如在最近一篇谈媒体行业中无可奈何的拍马屁现象的文章),以及没有在纸媒刊登的精彩采访片段。此外,她的兴趣还包括女权主义和各种冷笑话。以“奶猪”为笔名写博客的袁蕾是一个经常被与孟静相提并论,并称“南袁北孟”的另一位文化娱乐记者。袁为《南方周末》的文化版撰稿,以思维敏锐的采访而著称。她的博客更加随性,喜欢在博客中运用一些女孩子中间流行的同音字替代法和别的稀奇古怪的词语。袁喜欢在采访正式发表之前在自己的博客上发表节选一小段。此外,她还常常发表一点对日常生活别具眼光的观察(例如对一起未遂的电话诈骗案的描述)。其它的文章有关于媒体和政府政策的各方传言,以及对各种杜撰的新闻的评论。卡哇伊的语言风格让她显得与喜欢讥嘲语调评论媒体政治的其他记者有所不同。她的博客上的最新更新是她的宠物狗“熊总”的照片。
专栏作家 ::
原名张平的长平曾任《南方周末》新闻部主任兼《南方周刊》的副总编。在去年三月“拉萨”暴乱之后因出版涉及“敏感话题”的社论而被免职。因自己的博客经常被服务商删帖,长平停止了天涯,新浪和凤凰博客的更新,并开通了具有独立域名的博客。最近,他在自己的博客上发表了一系列关于云南卖淫事件的文章,随后博客因技术故障停服三个月,直到八月份才在毛向辉和左拉的帮助下重新上线(参见单位的中国博客大会采访:左拉,毛向辉)。长平还是一个活跃的,并在Financial Times的中文网站上撰写专栏。熊培云是新闻周刊《南风窗》的欧洲通讯员和新京报的资深评论员。今年,熊开通了一个名为“思想国21世纪评论”的团体博客,用以替代自己以前的在大陆地区被屏蔽的“理想国”博客。博客涉及内容广泛,其中包含大量关注农村问题的文章(熊本人经常围绕此方面为一些杂志和其它媒体供稿)。在一片关注网瘾治疗的文章中,熊将电击疗法和小说《发条橙》中的Ludovico疗法做了类比。博客的很大一部分内容是在媒体上刊发的文章的未删节版本,这在纸媒专栏作者中是较为常见的做法。
经济 ::
芮成刚是央视的国际频道和经济频道的主播,同时他有着很大流量的博客在互联网上也很有影响力。芮经常在自己的博客上发表自己与世界各国领导人比肩而立的合影,而这些领导人的手里往往会拿一本芮自己新出版的著作(例如与英国前首相托尼.布莱尔的合影)。年纪轻轻就在媒体界获得如此成功,又兼具英俊潇洒的气质的芮成刚是无数少男少女的偶像;在不少年轻学子眼中,芮是他们的导师兼榜样。他流利的英文在自己同行中更是凤毛麟角,因此被一些国外人士认为是中国形象大使的最佳人选。然而,对芮成刚的鄙夷之声也不绝于耳:他被视作一个自我炒作的作秀高手,一个跨越界限试图扮演一个经济学家的不称职记者,一个在领导了07年从故宫驱逐星巴克的极端民族主义者。最近,芮又因自己在伦敦G20上对美国总统奥巴马的提问而再惹争议。作家/赛车手/博客韩寒首先发难,在自己的博客上中英文双语全文刊发了芮成刚与奥巴马的问答,并用他一贯的反讽语气对芮进行了一番挖苦。其它网友也随后展开讨论,纷纷指责芮在提问中所用的“on behalf of China”(代表中国)和“on behalf of the world”(代表世界)不恰当,并体现了政府以民意代表自居的高高在上。与此形成鲜明对比,芮本人在博客中对自己的表现十分得意,而这更激起网民都反感,和更多都讥讽。
社会 ::
柴静是中央电视台一档深度报道节目的记者。她的博客在经过很长一段时间的停顿后再次更新。柴自觉将博客作为一个与观众进行交流的公共平台,经常在博客上发布一些自己节目的视频片段以激发读者的讨论。作者本人也常常加入讨论,回应网友的观点。在最近的文章中,她解释了自己关于评论部分的看法,以及她对评论的删贴的原则。其它还有更多关于新闻职业的主题广泛的文章,例如一篇关于Walter Cronkite自传的读后感。柴在新闻界的髙调,尤其是在电击治疗网瘾报道中所做的工作,使她不断遭受恶意流言中伤,其中包括她因接受重庆某纺织厂为获得央视广告时段而支付的贿赂而被逮捕的传言。对此,柴不得不出面进行辟谣。柴也偶尔在熊培云的理想国21世纪评论上发表文章(例如这篇关于农村变化和文化传承的文章)。王克勤是《中国经济时报》的记者以其对社会黑暗面,尤其是腐败问题的深度调查而知名。王倾向于在自己的博客上发表文章那些他自认为难以在传统媒体发表的文章。例如,他在六月分试图采访因杀死政府官员而被短暂拘押的邓玉娇。邓虽然被认定属于正当防卫,并被释放,但中外媒体并未获准采访她。而王对自己申请采访未果的过程的记述在发表在网络上后不久就被搜狐删除。这篇文章的转帖仍然可以在网上被找到。王的其它文章也往往大量获得转载,其中包括一篇他访问失明律师陈光城而遭遇暴力的文章被翟明磊在“一五一十部落”博客群中转载,而翟本人也是一位知名的反腐斗士(参加单位的中国博客大会采访)。一篇CNBloggercon对他的采访。王有时被称作中国的林肯·斯蒂芬斯。他从2006年来的大量文章被收录在中国选举与治理网上。
// AjS
[Friday 5是我服务的爱德曼数码(中国)的一项产品。这里是全部Friday 5 的存档。 有意通过电子邮件订阅双语Friday 5者可通过以下地址向我发送邮件索取:adam 点 schokora 在 edelman 点 com。]
:: 相比较于西方的同行,中国媒体对为各种丑闻贴上“门”
食品安全:辐射门 ::
在2008年的三聚氰胺毒奶粉事件之后,食品安全成为人们关注的焦点。众多品牌也遭受到添加剂事件的困扰(此前报道的蒙牛和王老吉);在六月,一家经济报纸刊登文章,指出两家方便面企业,康师傅和统一,没有在其包装上明确标注其使用了放射性物质进行杀菌灭活。两家企业否认了这一指责。此事件被称为辐射门,相比与放射性物质所带来的恐慌相比,舆论更多的是对企业说谎的谴责声,只有小部分议论是关于放射性物质杀菌所可能带来的危害。两家企业的最初反应含糊其辞。统一声称自己并未使用辐射消毒,但不排除自己的供货商使用这种消毒方法;康师傅则声称自己并不知道使用了经过辐射的原材料必须要标识。一个对此事件的电视报道在各个视频网站被转载并在大量消费泡面的网民中间引起反响(一位网友评论到:哎,我的泡面生涯!)其他网友则纷纷反映其它质量问题。最终,两家企业表示将会改进自己的标识方法。尽管事件被曝光的最初获得大量的关注,但网民的注意力很快转移,此类话题在互联网上也很少再被提起。对于网上层出不穷的各种影响有限的门事件一样,辐射门也不仅仅局限于方便面食品,它还被用来指称手机和高压变电器电磁波辐射所带来的恐慌。
捐款门 ::
从一名戏剧教授成功转型成为散文家的余秋雨,近年又成为一名活跃于电视荧屏的评论家。成名以来,关于他的争议一直不绝于耳,其中包括他曾经是臭名昭著的四人帮的帮凶,以及他以赞美文章从深圳政府处换取豪华别墅。余最新的一次争议同样来源自所谓的“咬余专业户”肖夏林。在2008年五月十四日汶川地震后不久,余宣布自己将为灾区捐赠二十万元,用于建造一座希望小学。肖在近年五月五日的一篇博客中余极有可能没有掏一分钱。夏还进一步要求余出示证据以表明捐款确有其事。此前,余秋雨的一篇《含泪劝告请愿灾民》已经招致网民的一片嘲笑,而他此次对于捐款问题的沉默再次引发众人对这位“含泪教授”的讥讽,其中包括这篇网民戏称要求政府为余秋雨伪造一份捐款收据。包括易中天在内的一些社会名人也纷纷向余秋雨开炮,敦促其公示证据。余对指责的否认直到六月二十二日才姗姗来迟。而此前的一篇新闻报道已经引述了都江堰的一位政府官员确认了余秋雨的捐款。该官员同时声称由于震后对新建建筑的抗震要求提高,建设一座小学的所需花费超出二十万元,因此余的捐款被用于为三座图书馆购置书籍。这仍然不能满足一部分网民,因为对他们而言,余的捐款究竟是出于自我宣传或者是舆论压力依然不得而知(不管真捐假捐,我都觉得余及其同伙此举比贪污挪用了20万救灾款还恶心)。
钓鱼门和替身门 ::
在九月初,上海一名张姓司机搭载了一名声称剧烈腹痛的行人前往医院。张拒绝了此人的支付车费的请求,但是当车辆驶入医院的时候,乘客夺取钥匙,同时,一群身着制服的人包围了车辆。张被控非法营运。在很多中国城市,未经注册的出租车是执法机构的打击对象,一旦被发现,往往被课以高额罚款,暂扣驾照,以及其它严厉惩罚。这种“诱使犯罪”,并往往殃及出于公德心的驾驶员的执法手法受到本来就对当地执法评价很低的网民的大加鞭笞。此事件最早被畅销作家兼赛车手韩寒在的曝光而引发公众关注。九月十一日,关于此事的两封信被韩冠以“这一定是造谣”的标题发表在博客上。韩的舆论领袖的身份使事件获得极高曝光度,而大量主流媒体随后跟进并确认信中反映属实。关于“钓鱼门”的大量专栏见诸报端,讨论了事件所涉及的诱捕,法制,以及政府权限等诸多问题,这些文章又进一步依法网上的讨论(“我的党在哪里,伟大共产党呀,我们想念你” ;惊爆上海好心车主被“钓鱼”后与执法大队的对话)。韩寒为此文作序,称“转两个帖子,未经核实,极其有可能是反动份子破坏国庆气氛的造谣之作,我特别选出,以便相关部门进行追捕”暗指此前数名网民因制作和散布谣言而被捕,其中包括另一与汽车有关的“胡斌替身门”。此事件充分调动了网民的想象力,并暴露了众多网民在鉴定嫌疑照片时的不足。驾驶汽车撞击过路行人致死的胡斌在法庭照片与以往的形象迥异,引发他雇佣替身为其坐牢的猜测。网民甚至通过人肉搜索,爆出一个与照片中人物相貌相似的所谓“替身”。此后有人以该“替身”身份发帖否认“自己”替胡斌入狱,主流媒体最终证明胡斌确实已经接受审判,厘清关于此事的传言。
间谍门 ::
形形色色的间谍事件常在。由于主流媒体往往三缄其口,使得众多传言一时漫天飞舞,令人真假莫辩。六月有关于中央电视台国防观察节目主持人方静被传为台湾间谍,已经离职并接受调查。尽管方出面否认此传闻,种种猜测依然不止。央视前主持人兼北大教授阿忆是此次事件的始作俑者。阿忆或许出于嫉妒, 在博客上发表了一篇含糊其词的文章,指称方静为台湾间谍(原文已被删除,但转帖仍然能够被读到)方静很快重返央视,主持另一档节目,结束了种种传言。但网上对此的讨论依然不止:发表在新浪bbs上的一篇文章分析此事件的前因后果。另外一件间谍门则涉及澳大利亚铁矿巨头力拓。由于事发正值中澳关系紧张时期,国际铁矿石业也受此影响。尽管真相逐渐露出水面,但该事件在网上影响广泛。关于两起间谍门的讨论往往与热播谍战电视剧《潜伏》相提并论。此间谍门的后果不断延续,在网易论坛上,网民们谈论到首都钢铁公司一名高管被警方带走接受调查。在钢铁行业,“间谍门”似乎被称作为受贿门更确切些。
色情门 ::
自从2008年陈冠希艳照门曝光之后,不时有个人私密照片或视频泄露到互联网上。最引人注意的多是那些不慎流出的娱乐界明星超尺度的私房照。这些照片经常被拿来和陈冠希艳照门做对比(例如一月份章子怡几近赤裸的“沙滩门”事件),但是这些事件大都很快从公众视线中淡去。此外,色情门还涉及还涉及一些未成年人在网上发布的自己的性爱照片或录像。一个名为“摸奶门”的视频自六月底以来在网上大量传播。视频中的女主角躺在貌似一间教室的课桌上,身边围绕着一群男学生,轮流抚摸女生的胸部。网民还确定了该女生的真实身份:浙江慈溪某职业学校的一名女生。事后,该女生在自己的QQ页面上声称自己面临很大的压力,甚至有自杀的念头。网上对该事件的讨论大多涉及的道德伦理方面。一篇博客文章认为道德的卫道士给该女生造成的伤害远大于视频中的男同学。对于此事件中折射出来的另一个问题:男女人口比例的失调,网民们也有讨论:作为班里的唯一女性,该女生声称她之所以同意男生的请求是出于班级的团结。这些尽管多数网站迅速删除了所有这些色情门有关的内容,对于有毅力兼耐心的网民,找到被大量转载的内容并非难事。
/// AjS
[Friday 5是我服务的爱德曼数码(中国)的一项产品。这里是全部Friday 5 的存档。 有意通过电子邮件订阅双语Friday 5者可通过以下地址向我发送邮件索取:adam 点 schokora 在 edelman 点 com。]
:: 大众对于病毒式传播的视频广告逐渐产生审美疲劳。尽管制作精良,
您可以通过优酷Buzz博客来更多了解近期的热门视频。Kaiser Kuo在这个博客上发表他对这些视频的评论。文章多兼具诙谐幽默与讽刺调侃。在最近这篇关于歌手曾秩可的文章中,作者表达了自己对曾的音乐才能的不屑。In2Marcom博客新推出的Eyes On Me栏目则汇总了当月的各个热播视频。
曾秩可 ::
继曾秩可(曾在此前的Friday 5报道过)在八月份在超级女声选秀节目中遭淘汰之后,这位“人气超女”依然频繁出现在各种网络视频中。新浪用户“替罪羊”与视频制作者“飞飞蛙”合作完成了由“替罪羊”模仿包括刘德华,崔健,费玉清在内的15名歌星演唱曾的成名曲“狮子座”的视频。另一个关于曾秩可的视频是由参加军训的上海交大新生们制作的,在视频中,男生们向女生演唱“狮子座”以及另外两首歌。曾最近被卷入一场“抄袭门”,她的“狮子座”被指抄袭台湾歌曲“天际”。在我们期待一部关于曾“抄袭门”的出色视频出现的时候(目前只有一段对比两首歌曲的视频),这一事件也引发了在众多论坛和博客上的讨论,其中有文章援引曾为自己所做的辩护:“发现世上另一个自己”。曾秩可的形象还被搬上了网友炮制的《变形金刚3:地球之战》上。在这个植入了大量“广告”的短片中,曾从外星入侵者手中拯救了地球。影片中的广告,多半是一种对好莱坞和中国电影制作,以及大量病毒式传播视频中此类现象的戏仿(更多与此主题相关内容) 。
雪铁龙广告 ::
继雪铁龙发布一系列变形金刚主题的广告之后,名为“C派变形金刚”的优酷用户再次发布了两个变形金刚主题的拼接影片。八月份的一个名为“C派集结登场”的视频是此前雪铁龙的变形金刚广告的重新剪接,其中包括一个滑冰机器人和一个舞蹈机器人(曾在此前的Friday 5中被报道过)的片段。九月初由另一个用户上传的一段视频也是一个名为《疯狂的赛车》的视频。影片中,由于雪铁龙车队的赛巴斯迪安.勒布长期稳坐WRC拉力赛冠军宝座,以至于其它车手都把自己的最高目标定在第二名。这段视频不算成功:除了在几家汽车论坛受到些许认可之外,大量网友认为这只是一个二流广告并追问雪铁龙为这个广告花了多少钱。一些网友甚至在观看视频后对雪铁龙品牌嗤之以鼻,尽管并无证据标明雪铁龙与该视频有任何关联。
流星雨中的植入广告 ::
在八月份湖南卫视版本播出其改编的台湾电视剧“流星花园”之后出现一片对产品植入的反对呼声。台版的流星花园改编自日本漫画花より男子(Hana Yori Dango),在2001年播出之后在亚洲电视观众中创出收视高潮。而大陆的湖南卫视也在此剧基础上推出自己的改编版本《一起去看流星雨》。原版剧中的四位被称为F4(漫画原作中Flower 4的缩写)的男主角被新版的H4所取代。但是“流星”粉丝们对这部新作并不买账,反称其为“山寨流星花园”。各大论坛中对该剧的批评比比皆是,其中观众有违不满的是大量直白露骨的广告植入。网友制作了一些视频来讽刺这一现象。其中一个热播的视频汇集了剧中数个最为恶俗的广告,包括一段对南京产的名爵3SW汽车冗长乏味的推介。而熟悉原版的观众来说,剧中出身显贵的富家公子居然会为一款售价仅10万左右的汽车而心动?豆瓣和其它网上论坛的用户都觉得这样的情节安排十分可笑。甚至有网友指出这些广告是对处于经济低迷时期的中国观众的不尊重。另外一个被传到游戏论坛的视频则选取了剧中一段关于网游《征途》的做作的对话。而此类植入广告似有愈演愈烈之势:广电总局最近出台一条规定:所有插播广告不得超过90秒,而湖南卫视对此的反映是它将会将更多的广告植入到节目当中。这极有可能导致网络视频在市场营销中扮演更大的角色。
现代汽车 ::
在将目光投向病毒式营销之后,现代汽车从上月起投放了数条网络视频。从八月底推出至今,一段发生在一个技术不甚高明的女司机和一个倒霉的交警之间的小插曲的视频被在大量国内社交网站以及国外中文网站上转载。视频利用了人们对于女性司机的固有认识,整个叙述过程中并未使用对话,而是大量运用肢体语言从而达到喜剧效果。在第二个视频中,一个粗心大意的司机试图一边驾驶,一边点烟,同时还要用手机打电话。第三段视频则是一个擅长漂移的车手和一位跑酷高手之间的角逐。这段视频在许多汽车论坛受到追捧,引发许多关于漂移,以及标配车能否有像视频中那样出色的表现。这些视频并不注重含蓄:现代的标志频繁在特写镜头中出现。尽管大多数网友觉得这些视频具有一定娱乐性,但对此类广告的疲劳也不可避免。关于女司机的那段视频在优酷网获得大量好评,而对粗心司机视频的好评数量稍稍多于恶评数量。而跑酷视频却得到大量的恶评,甚至有网友评论到:“什么垃圾片子,踩死”。
国庆 ::
中国的国家形象在庆祝中华人民共和国成立六十周年的视频得到了体现。对于阅兵的准备训练,武器装备,参阅部队的电视报道在网上很受欢迎。北京电视台的一段报道在上传三天后就获得1468413次播放和2482条评论。网友们喜欢在自己的评论中加入飞机坦克的图案;而这种现象在东方卫视的国庆阅兵报道中也可以看到。今年国庆的另一大亮点是献礼大片《建国大业》。这部电影的许多片花可以在优酷中看到,其中一个被包房923781次并受到455次评论。片中明星云集,包括章子怡,李连杰,张国立在内的影视大腕纷纷加盟。评论中即有对国家建设的盛赞,也有对盛典劳民伤财的担忧。而此前的由青岛理工大学一群魔兽爱好者创作的魔兽版国庆阅兵则在游戏场景中模拟了坦克和其它装甲车辆通过大量部队分列两侧的长安街的场景。负面评价多是围绕为国庆游行而进行的交通管制,以及被选中参加游行给自己带来的麻烦,但是绝大多数关于国庆的视频都是积极正面的。
// AjS
:: here are five more examples of the fascinating Chinese Internet slang and memes that today’s local netizens are all about. This installment ranges from memes inspired by government-speak (“pressure difference”) and the depressed economy (“to be found a job”), to imports from Korea and Japan. Two examples trace the progress of a meme from its use as an inconsequential piece of Internet fluff to its roll in larger commercial or charitable endeavors.
brother chun / brother zeng (春哥 / 曾哥) ::
Li Yuchun and Zeng Yike, both tomboyish Super Girl stars whose androgynous style is a key factor contributing to their popularity. When Li won the competition back in 2005, she appealed to many female fans because she seemed like a liberator who cast off social constraints, and she gave confidence to women who fell short of the cultural ideal. On the other hand, there are those who think “she looks like a man.” The Brother Chun meme is due to this second group. The initial catchphrase was “Brother Chun is All Man, A Real Iron-man” (春哥纯爷们, 铁血真汉子) and sparked an online explosion of photoshopped images that combined Li’s head and men’s bodies. It soon transformed into a parody cult, with Li’s head ’shopped onto the bodies of the icons of various religions, all captioned with “Believe in Chun brother and live forever” (信春哥,得永生) Since then, there have been other variations in a more materialistic vein: “Believe in Chun brother and you will not fail your exams (新春哥,不挂科), and “Believe in Chun brother and make a fortune” (信春哥,发大财).With an Internet culture in China that seems able to turn everything into entertainment, these memes spread quite fast and also extended their influence to the offline world. “All man” (纯爷们) or even just 纯 (pure) has gone on to be a general reference to “male quality” with a humorous undertone (the term was notably used by mincing comedian Xiao Shenyang at this year’s Spring Festival Gala, the biggest annual mainstream media / entertainment event in China). Brother Chun even has been exploited for commercial gain: an expansion released in June for the Chinese edition of the video game MapleStory (冒险岛:骑士团的逆袭), run by Shanda, echoed the meme in its advertising: “Help Brother Chun: Exterminate the Spring Dove and Gain Eternal Life” (助春哥,灭春鸽,得永生). Zeng Yike had her own set of fans and slightly obsessed anti-fans who copied the Brother Chun phenomenon wholesale – “Brother Zeng,” male body photoshops (particularly Stallone), slogans, a parody cult, and an ugly undercurrent of misogyny.
jia junpeng, postcards, & loneliness (贾君鹏 / 明信片 / 寂寞) ::
On July 16 a post appeared on the Baidu World of Warcraft Postbar (魔兽贴吧) that read simply, “Jia Junpeng, your mom wants you to go home for dinner” (贾君鹏你妈妈喊你回家吃饭). The short post – nothing more than the title, and no clue as to the identity of Jia Junpeng – highlighted the intensity of gaming culture on the Chinese Internet: eating and sleeping in web cafes without going home to eat. By the end of the day the postreportedly had more than 4 million views and 300,000 comments. A Beijing-based media company later claimed that the phrase was a viral marketing ploy, although there are other competing theories as to its origins. Jia himself was never found (see ChinaHush for more). Like other memes, Jia Junpeng has been Photoshopped extensively: Saddam Hussein, films stills, and comics, among other settings (see chinaSMACK for more images). It was also harnessed for other causes: “Taiwan, your motherland wants you to come home for dinner”). The Jia Junpeng meme, with its mention of “dinner” and a reference to the non-loneliness of being with family, was a natural complement for an earlier WoW meme, “Brother’s not eating dinner, I’m eating loneliness” (哥吃的不是面, 是寂寞), which appeared accompanied by a picture of a young man and a bowl of noodles after WoW suspended operations on June 7. Without a game to play, online groups sprang up: the “Loneliness Group” (寂寞派) and the Loneliness (Political) Party (寂寞党), and the catchphrase structure gave rise to many variations, such as “I’m not posting a post, I’m posting loneliness” (我发的不是帖子, 是寂寞). Jia Junpeng took on another dimension when the Amoiist, a blogger from Xiamen, was detained by police in July 2009 for posting an appeal video about a rape and murder. After his arrest, other netizens got involved to save the blogger, whose real name was Guo Baofeng (郭宝峰). They twittered “Guo Baofeng, your mum wants you to go home for dinner” in Chinese and English, and organized a drive to send postcards bearing that message to the Mawei prison where Guo was being held. He was eventually released, and whether or not the postcards had anything to do with it, the campaign captured the attention of the major mainstream media (See The Time Weekly 时代周报). And both Jia Junpeng and loneliness have been appropriated as t-shirt slogans. Mengtoy, a T-Shirt and plush toy company with a shop on Taobao.com, features t-shirts bearing the slogan “WoW: your mom wants you to go home for dinner,” and “MoM: I’m not eating dinner, I’m eating loneliness,” cleverly inverting the WoW into MoM.
passive actions: 被 ::
被 (bèi) is a passive marker in Chinese language, but when it’s used with verbs that aren’t normally thought of in passive terms, it represents futility in the face of external circumstances beyond your own control. It’s a familiar linguistics structure – remember back to last May when donations were being solicited for the Wenchuan Earthquake recovery effort, and 被捐款 (bèi juānkuǎn), “to be donated”, indicated that a “voluntary” contribution was automatically (sometimes unwillingly) deducted from many people’s salary. But involuntary donations apparently take place all the time, and they’ve been on the rise following the damage wrought on Taiwan by typhoon Morakot. This June, recent graduates exposed a dodgy strategy that some colleges use to inflate their successful employment statistics: they require students to provide proof of employment before they can obtain a diploma, or they cook up fake employment contracts and recruit graduates into non-existent jobs. The term 就业 (jiùyè) means “to find a job”; made passive, 被就业 (bèi jiùyè) indicates that the job-seeker finds themselves with an employment contract without actually having any of the benefits or responsibilities that come with a job: work and a salary, for example. In July, 被增长 (bèi zēngzhǎng, “to be increased”) hit the net. 增长 (zēngzhǎng), means “gain”, and is used to describe economic gains, increases in satisfaction rates, and other rising trends. When it’s applied passively, “to have been increased” indicates that someone is part of a statistical group whose numbers have risen without any actual gains being made. (This happens more than frequently in China.) The term seems to stem from a blog post made by commentator Xia Yucai, who wrote “My income has ‘been increased’ by the State Statistics Bureau” (我的收入在国家统计局那里“被增长”了). Finally, in late July and early August, 全勤 (quán qín), “perfect attendance,” has also been taken passive, 被全勤 (bèi quánqín, “to be perfect attendanced”), to describe workers who don’t take any vacation, not of their own volition, but because they are unable to take time off. Originally an isolated observation, the term took off in popularity because “perfect attendanced” workers form a significant group online. The question “Little white-collar, have you been ‘perfect attendanced’ today?” notes the demographic group affected by “perfect attendance” and many of the other passive memes.
Korean and Japanese affectations ::
思密达 (sīmìdá, also 斯米达) is a Chinese transliteration of a Korean honorific (하십니다) that is used as a sentence-ending particle in net-speak. It invaded Tianya’s Entertainment Gossip boards in 2008, to the point that people made posts asking people to please knock it off, and it’s spread across the net since then. There’s an undercurrent of anti-Korean sentiment to its use in some contexts (online jokester Chun Baba has the line “Everything belongs to Korea simida” 什么都是韩国的思密达), but it’s also used generally as a mark of sarcasm, or even simply a cute affectation that flies over the heads of many ordinary netizens. What’s particularly amusing about the mystery surrounding 思密达 is that when it shows up in the title of a web page (which pushes it to the top of search engine results), it’s most likely being used as the transliteration of Smecta, a diarrhea remedy for young children, so casual netizens who run across the term in forums remain in the dark, unless they take advantage of one of the many Ask sites, where the term is defined quite widely. There’s something similar going on for the Japanese sentence ending particle です, which has been taken into Chinese as 的说, most likely through soaps imported from Taiwan. It’s much less tied to Japan than “simida” is to Korea, and is mainly used as a cutesy, exclamatory sentence ending word. There’s a contentious Baidu Postbar devoted to the term where enthusiasts and denigrators fight it out through the use of other contemporary memes. And then there’s the meta-commentary: “The word desu was invented by the Koreans simida” (“的说”这个词是寒国人发明的思密达).
pressure difference: the Shanghai building collapse ::
On June 27, a 13-storey building in the Lotus Riverside development in Shanghai toppled over due to poorly-planned excavations for an underground parking garage. The building remained in one piece, and photos of the accident captured the attention of China’s netizens. Just as they had with the CCTV fire in February, netizens reimagined the scene in a series of Photoshops showing a Transformer attack, a number of Ultraman battles, and various other destructive events, including a visit from Brother Chun. The term 楼脆脆, “fragile building”, was the popular term used to describe the fallen structure. Just this month a building in Chengdu was discovered to have leaned sideways so the top was resting against the building next door, and it was given a similar name: 楼歪歪, “leaning building.” The official explanation for the Shanghai collapse employed the term “pressure difference” (压力差) to describe how the building was pushed over. The term was first mocked for seeming to indicate that the building itself was problem free (“blame it on the pressure difference”) and it now has been adopted for use in other areas of pressure (not just the physical ones of ground on building): A thread titled “India, be careful of ‘pressure difference’” was posted on Sohu’s military forums (印度,请小心“压力差”), and netizens have mixed the term with last year’s “Have you gone out for soy sauce today?” (今天你打酱油了吗) to create “Have you had pressure difference today?” (今天你压力差了吗?).
// AjS
[Friday 5 is the product of my work at Edelman Digital (China). Link here for the full Friday 5 archive. If you'd like to be added to the bilingual (English & Chinese) Friday 5 email distribution list, please send me an email at: adam DOT schokora AT edelman DOT com.]
:: a Chinese netizen spoof of a KFC commercial. Chinese speakers, listen closely. Very funny. // AjS
:: my friend Brad and his wife recently found this subversive RMB 10 note in Shanghai. If you don’t know what’s printed on it, please consult your Chinese dictionary. I’ve heard about this before, but this is the first time I’ve actually seen it. Clever, and probably quite effective at spreading a message. Has anyone else come across such notes? // AjS
:: taken in the small town of Chuzhou in Anhui province, China. I found these to be ingenious advertising efforts. The first photo says, “There is a noodle shop across the way.” The second photo says, “The old Ao De fried chicken shop is across the street.” Sure enough, in both cases, these shops were directly across the alley – less that 10 meters away. I was curious about the necessity and effectiveness of such advertisements, so I took the time to observe pedestrian reactions to them.
Not that these figures represent statistically sound research, but, in 30 minutes (the time it took me to finish my bubble tea), 47 people walked by these two signs (they were right next to each other). Only a few people didn’t notice them, but every person that noticed them looked across the street to confirm what they had just read. 22 of those people people crossed the street and went to one of the two restaurants. Fascinating. // AjS
:: Chinese retro design has always fascinated me. Over the years I’ve bought more than a few 70’s and 80’s era Chinese books just for the cover designs. I recently saw some threads on MOP with interesting primary school language study book covers, so I thought I’d scour the Web for more examples from the 60s through to the 80s and share here, see below. It’s not only the images that get people nostalgic, there are a few dedicated souls transcribing the stories in these books. // XD
[Xiao Du is a guest contributor on fifty 5]
:: like China’s “Post-80s Generation” before it, the “Post-90s Generation” is a shorthand for a vaguely-defined demographic group of Chinese people born roughly in the same decade. On the Chinese Internet, however, “Post-90s” has connotations of a young, affluent, urban, alternative aesthetic, and includes among its ranks people born in the mid to late 80s as well — see the reader age poll on FZL8.com which has choices for ages 16-21; 30% of respondents are under 16, and 15-20% were born in the 80s.
In hopes of helping everyone better understand this sometimes odd and detached demographic, the five categories below provide a rough outline of the image and characteristics conjured up in the minds of today’s Chinese netizens by the term “Post-90s.”
non-mainstream culture ::
Remember in the early part of the decade when Han Han and other young celebrities born in the 1980s were hailed as representatives of a new, “alternative” sub-culture in China? For the post-90s generation, the term “linglei” (另类, meaning: alternative) has been replaced with “feizhuliu” (非主流) which means something like “non-mainstream,” but it still refers to an “alternative” sub-culture, only one that is expressed by today’s teens (See here on Baidu Baike for a current in-depth discussion of the phenomenon). Fashion-wise, “non-mainstream” combines goth and punk elements with styles borrowed from trendy Korean and Japanese youth culture. Hallmarks of the “non-mainstream” photo: looking up at the camera, the subject (usually a teenage girl), often wearing clunky glasses, opens her eyes wide, purses her lips, and flashes a V-sign. Trendy consumer products are often visible in frame (see the “conspicuous consumption” below). In full length photos, toes are pointed inward to give the impression of innocence combined with reluctant exhibitionism (example). Often, text or cartoony images are Photoshop’d in, or the subject’s eyes are enlarged to make her look even more like a character from manga or animation (example). That example comes from a whole gallery of similar images that have been entered into a “Cool” contest on 360Quan. More angsty and emo are bloody, apparently Photoshop’d self-mutilation images. They’re not incredibly common, but their shock value has made disproportionately representative of the crazy moodiness of China’s Post-90s generation.
argot ::
“Martian” language is a form of online writing that prizes linguistic and typographical playfulness: it combines abbreviations, letters, and numbers, with character combinations that correspond to pronunciations drawn from different Chinese dialects or tones of voice. It’s been around for a while, and is generally associated with online youth culture. The Huoxingwen BBS discussion portal has forums for various dialects, software that translates back and forth from standard written Mandarin to Martian, and conversation exchange. The Martian dialect most closely identified with the post-90s alternative subculture is “brain damaged writing” (脑残文), which is essentially standard Mandarin written using the most obscure characters possible. Traditional and rare variant characters are only the beginning: wrapping characters in other radicals, using duplicate and triplicate forms, and finding seldom-used characters that have a common character as a minor component are all valid techniques. Pinyin and English get rendered in Greek or Cyrillic. In its extreme stages, brain damaged writing literally splits the characters apart and builds them out of isolated radicals and phonetic symbols, example: ロ艾~~还媞叧リ冩 莪ㄋ,亻尒看,叧リヌ寸莪ㄖㄅ噫苋那庅茤,ㄝ子媞册リㄋロ巴 is an expansion of 哎,还是别提我了。你看,别对我的意见那么多。好是删了吧.
haunts ::
Although it would be misleading to assume that China’s Post-90s only hang out in one space on the Internet, 360Quan is a major focal point for post-90s teenagers, as evidenced by its overall “alternative” aesthetic and the tagline “young, stylish SNS” in the title bar. PK is a big activity on 360Quan: users can challenge each other head-to-head and vie for votes from the 360Quan userbase. PK categories include “alternative culture” (非主流), “sunniness” (阳光), “figure” (身材), “beauty” (美丽), “being cool” (搞酷), and “on the street” (街头). 360Quan also provides space for online “clans” (家族), ad-hoc groups of users linked by common interest or mutual acquaintance, a large number of whose names use Martian and brain-damaged writing. A wealth of similarly-targeted BBSs and social networks, successful and otherwise, can be found simply by searching for “90后” (meaning: post-90) in Baidu or other large search engines. Post-90s Home is one of the larger ones. Douban.com is also host to various post-90s communities, including The Nineties, with 1,281 members, and People of the Nineties with 1,190 members at time of writing. The BBS format and general tenor of Douban means that these forums feature some interesting discussions of post-90s identity – what does it mean to be part of that group?
conspicuous consumption ::
For better or for worse, China’s post-90s generation is seen as fairly materialistic. Born into an age of relative abundance, today’s urban teenagers seem entirely comfortable with consumerist culture, which they embrace fully without the ethical or cultural guilt shown by earlier generations, to the point that showing off wealth and possessions in online photo sets is a fairly common practice. A recent thread in the post-90s forum on Sina’s Women’s Channel asked members how much they typically spend on their clothes, in order to dispel the myth that they are a generation of spendthrifts. Brand-names pop up throughout the thread, and one netizen who claimed to be a 15-year-old girl attending high school in the US reported her current clothing and handbags were worth 37,030 RMB, generating a follow-up profile piece. Another post-90 girl won the moniker Sack-Girl (麻袋女) for carrying a bag full of cash to this year’s Shanghai International Automobile Industry Exhibition. Her blog, “International Aristocrat,” expresses disdain toward Shanghainese and the Auto exhibition itself.
mockery ::
Inevitably, there has been a backlash. Baidu’s Postbar has a high-traffic “anti-alternative” BBS discussion forum where members post examples of post-90s culture to mock the generation. The top post for the time being is a poll: “What do you hate most about alternative culture?” The choices (which include “A disgrace to Photoshop,” “Pigeon-toed and costumed (fake Japan-esque + fake punk),” and “fake cons, fake CK”) sketch out a rough picture of how “alternative” is seen in the popular imagination. Chun Baba turned his acerbic barbs onto alternative post-90s in a (hilarious!) fake news broadcast that rounds up some of the Photoshop abominations mocked on the Baidu post. Another video blogger cooked up a widely-reposted 17-minute-long rant blasting the worship of Korean and Japanese culture that inspires post-90s alternative fashion. Finally, Douban hosts the “Post-90s Who Are Not Like Post-90s” group whose 288 members announce that they are not “alternative” and that they “wear their clothing properly,” unlike the widespread image of “punky” and “rebellious” post-90s kids.
// AjS
[Friday 5 is the product of my work at Edelman Digital (China). Link here for the full Friday 5 archive. If you'd like to be added to the bilingual (English & Chinese) Friday 5 email distribution list, please send me an email at: adam DOT schokora AT edelman DOT com.]
:: I recently had the opportunity to chat with an ex-Red Guard. This ex-Red Guard kindly allowed me to photograph some documents and things from his experience during the Cultural Revolution as a middle school student, and his participation in the national “down to the countryside, up to the mountains” (下乡, 上山) campaigns as a teenager / twenty-something. I have done some photoshop’ing on these photos to conceal the identify of this ex-Red Guard, but I can assure you, these are genuine artifacts straight from his scrapbook. // AjS
:: below is a patch that was sewed onto the clothing (chest) of Red Guards, it reads: “Red Guard, Shanghai City Middle School Red Guard Representative Meeting, Yangpu Military Zone.” (Before the Cultural Revolution, Yangpu was, and is now, simply referred to as a “district,” it was “militarized” for purposes of the 10 year campaign.)
:: below is a certificate stating this ex-Red Guard’s participation in the Shanghai City, Wusong Middle School Red Guard Representative Meeting. The handwritten / cursive Chinese script to the left and right of Chairman Mao’s bust reads: “Rely on the helmsman when sailing the seas, rely on Mao Zedong thought when carrying out revolution (大海航行靠舵手, 干革命靠毛泽东思想).”
:: below is the outside front and back cover of a Red Guard passbook. The front cover (right) simply says: Red Guard (vertically), and Shanghai City Wusong Middle School Team / Unit (horizontally). The back cover (left) says: “The Three Main Rules of Discipline (三大纪律): 1) obey orders in all your actions, 2) do not take a single needle or piece of thread from the masses / people, and 3) turn in everything captured. The Eight Points for Attention (八项注意): 1) speak politely, 2) pay /price fairly for what you buy / sell, 3) return everything you borrow, 4) pay for anything you damage, 5) do not hit or swear at people, 6) do not damage crops, 7) do not take liberties with women, and 8) do not ill-treat captives.”
:: below is the inside front and back cover of a Red Guard passbook. The inside front cover (left) is a quote from Lin Biao (essentially second in command during the first half of the Cultural Revolution, 1966 – 71) that reads: “Read Chairman Mao’s books. Listen to Chairman Mao’s words. Follow Chairman Mao’s instructions on how to handle affairs. Be Chairman Mao’s Good Soldiers.” The inside back cover reads: “August 20, 1966. Red Guard certificate. Second year of middle school (the handwritten “中二” just above the photo).”
:: below is a public transit pass for this ex-Red Guard / “sent down educated youth” to use when returning home (Shanghai City, Yangpu District) from the countryside; dated May 12th, 1973.
:: a 0300TV interview with Chinese communist party pet dissident and well-known conceptual artist / designer Ai Weiwei (艾未未). Recording in Beijing in May of 2008. // AjS
:: from this month’s Mr. Modern (摩登绅士) magazine, an interview with Danwei.org founder and editor Jeremy Goldkorn. And yes, Jeremy is holding a stuffed Caonima doll in the photo.
As I just don’t have time right now, if there is anyone that would like to translate this into English, I would greatly appreciate it and happily post here with credit / linkback, etc. Drop me a line at 56minus1 AT gmail DOT com. // AjS
:: bridge bloggers, who cross linguistic and cultural divides to further cross-cultural communication, play an important role in the Chinese Internet. There are quite a number of major projects that translate English-language content in Chinese, and countless other individual bloggers doing the same thing on their own. Below, we take a look at the other direction: Chinese bloggers who are writing in English about a wide variety of topics.
Although a number of these bloggers mention improving their English skills as one of their goals in running an English-language blog, that’s not the focus of bridge bloggers (pure English-for-English’s-sake blogging can be found on niche SNS Web sites like Dio English and on isolated blogs that people seem to be keeping just for fun). Bridge blogs are being written for an audience unable to read Chinese, one that’s possibly unfamiliar with Chinese culture, both online and off, with the goal of mutual understanding and information exchange between countries and cultures. Here are five categories of bridge blogs that range from straight-up translation, to original writing, to corporate tie-in blogging.
journalism ::
Some bridge bloggers work in a familiar format reminiscent of the mainstream media. Josie Liu’s China in Transition blog presents well-crafted articles about various contemporary issues in China. Liu has worked as a journalist for a number of news outlets, and brings a journalist’s perspective to the blog format. She’s also guest blogged at China Digital Times. Seagull Reference, a blog run by a “government IT employee working in Beijing” who calls himself Big Brother Chang, also focuses on newsy topics. He often mixes his own viewpoint into his summaries of the news. In a practice widespread across the Chinese-language Internet, Seagull Reference is spotty when it comes to providing source links, so while Big Brother Chang is pretty quick off the mark, readers have to do a little digging to find the original Chinese articles. The author keeps another infrequently updated blog, Rotten Intellectuals in China, which features short profiles of professors caught in academic dishonesty scandals, or who have made public statements that are particularly galling, such as Sun Dongdong’s suggestion that 99% of China’s petitioners are mentally unstable.
filters ::
Many of the most constantly fascinating bridge blogs translate Chinese netizen voices into English. Global Voices Online aggregates and translates blog posts from all over the world, and China is one of their biggest areas of coverage. GVO authors are a mix of nationals and foreign observers of the countries covered; for China, translators are drawn from Hong Kong, the mainland, and other parts of the world. Currently, Bob Chen, whose bio says he’s a Chinese student, posts quite frequently on hot topics of conversation among China’s netizens. Topic selection leans toward social issues and online reactions to corruption. ChinaSMACK is run by Fauna, a resident of Shanghai, with other contributors based in China as well as overseas. The site’s stated mission is to translate daily content from China’s Internet forums. ChinaSMACK pulls and translates a high volume of comments from a variety of different BBS portals (Tianya, KDNet, PCHome, etc), and captures a side of online public opinion that is not as weighty or angrily nationalistic as may be implied in other English-language outlets. The treatment is typically “tabloidy,” even when ChinaSMACK addresses the same themes as GVO and other bridge blogs. There’s an extensive glossary of Chinese web-speak which helps new readers get up to speed quickly. At the Youku BUZZ blog, Steven Lin (a former journalist) and Kaiser Kuo (a Chinese-American writer and musician) distill the most popular videos from one of China’s top video hosts.
life observations ::
Other bloggers present their own ideas directly, without a translator serving as an intermediary. Ifgogo, subtitled “Chinese in English,” is a collaborative blog for ethnic Chinese writing in English, the vast majority of whom live on the mainland, with a few other members in Singapore, Canada, and the US. There’s no grand mission here; the blog’s about page reads “It’s just a blog in English. It’s about everything.” Topic range from discussions of cultural differences, to reports on excursions, to relationships, to tech and Internet topics. Other individual bloggers sometimes start out consciously to be bridge bloggers. Monica Cai, an undergrad studying international trade in Beijing, launched her own bridge blog after hearing a presentation by Rebecca MacKinnon. It’s a fairly new effort, which the author says will focus mainly on the lives of Chinese students. Wang Jianshuo, a Shanghai IT professional who’s been blogging since 2002, also falls into this category. His posts deal with life in Shanghai, travel, his various hobbies, and general China issues. He tends to stay away from sensitive issues, and his posts and comments sections seem designed to foster mutual understanding rather than heated debate.
specialty ::
There are also specialty bridge blogs devoted to a particular topic. China Web2.0 Review covers developments in the world of China-produced and China-oriented new technology Web sites. Current authors are Luyi Chen, an information systems PhD at Shanghai Jiaotong University, and Tangos Chan, VP of China Growth Capital. (Link here for a 56minus1 interview with Tangos Chan.) China Web2.0 Review reports on the latest moves by established Web2.0 sites and the implications those moves may have for the mainland’s Internet. It also introduces new Internet startups. The blog of the Shao Foundation covers the foundation’s various cultural and social events and exhibitions. It features video, slideshows, and summaries in English of Chinese-language content. It’s arty, sometimes cutting-edge, and tastefully laid out.
corporate ::
Bridge blogs may also be useful for companies that are themselves engaged in cross-cultural businesses. China Travel 2.0 the “official blog of www.SinoHotelReservation.com,” is kept by Winser Zhao, who writes of the blog’s motivation on the about page: The debates are interesting. The difference is quite huge. I thought I should tell more about China to Foreigners.” Posts introduce various scenic attractions in China, discuss aspects of Chinese culture, and from time to time touch on current events. Winser is joined by Seasky, who is based in Shanghai, and Katie Yao, a student at Xi’an International Studies University. The “travel 2.0″ concept promoted by the blog and Web site refers to guideless travel, where all arrangements are made through a network of friends, similar to an online social network. The China Youth Watch blog, run by consulting company China Youthology, pulls back the curtain on Chinese youth culture and profiles young creative and trendsetting types. It’s kept by Lisa Li and Zafka Zhang (who are also in a band together), with ethnographers Helen Yu, Summer Xia, and Candy Yang. There’s quite a bit of depth in the posts, if you’re looking for a window on Chinese youth today. Link here for a 56minus1 interview with Zafka Zhang.)
// AjS
[Friday 5 is the product of my work at Edelman Digital (China). Link here for the full Friday 5 archive. If you'd like to be added to the bilingual (English & Chinese) Friday 5 email distribution list, please send me an email at: adam DOT schokora AT edelman DOT com.]